What is the 4th Industrial Revolution-Summarised

Nicola Tan
2 min readMar 15, 2022

We, like the technological world, is constantly evolving…bringing forth a movement that changes the way of production, which we call it an Industrial Revolution (IR).

1st IR was to mechanize methods to produce basic necessities such as coal, iron, steel, steam & combustion for power & logistics.

2nd IR was to mechanize production with the birth of electricity. Electrification was the focus and we see telecommunications taking a leap forward. We see assembly lines for the manufacturing of chemicals and automotive.

3rd IR started with automating of production with the help of electronics, software. We see robot arms assembling a car, powered by software, operated by engineers behind a computer.

Each industrial revolution brought about a change in production, communication and consumption … we no longer farm with a hoe, we no longer ride on horses, you get the gist.

The 4th IR is actually well on its way, advancing from the 3rd IR. Why do I say this? because you know every single item listed in the picture below:

The 4th IR is essential creating a digital world that can be merged with our physical world. It is not just web3 and crypto.

For the physical world, you have Artificial Intelligence taking over simple tasks & calculation, IOTs for monitoring, GPS for locating and tracking. Robotics and autonomous vehicles are there to improve on our logistics and manual work. Energy storages to power our devices and vehicles.

Then we go into your identification. Only with KYC and authentication, you would be able to have access to products and services such as crypto exchanges, wallets, and Uber.

Next, data analytics & algorithms are put in place to find out your preferences. With these sort of data, your digital profile is almost complete. Digital marketing will be delivered to your eyeballs and eardrums via advertisements and Key Opinion Leaders.

Lastly, we have the extended reality to bring you to the Metaverse where you can play, game, hang with everyone else across the globe. NFTs will be your passport/gateway to exclusive events and crypto is one of the currency for the digital world.

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Nicola Tan

Crypto enthusiast with an investment analyst background